A fentanyl overdose occurs when someone takes too much of the drug, either intentionally or unintentionally, and their body cannot handle the amount. Fentanyl is a potent opioid that can cause respiratory depression, which means that it slows down breathing. If someone takes too much fentanyl, their breathing may become dangerously slow or stop altogether, leading to a lack of oxygen to the brain and other vital organs.

What are the signs and symptoms of a fentanyl overdose?

The signs and symptoms of a fentanyl overdose can vary depending on the amount of the drug taken and the individual’s tolerance level. Common signs and symptoms of a fentanyl overdose include:

1. Respiratory depression Fentanyl can slow down or stop a person’s breathing, leading to respiratory depression. Signs of respiratory depression include slow or shallow breathing, blue lips or fingertips, and difficulty breathing.
2. Pinpoint pupils Fentanyl can cause the pupils of the eyes to become very small, a condition known as pinpoint pupils.
3. Loss of consciousness A fentanyl overdose can cause a person to lose consciousness or become unresponsive.
4. Confusion and disorientation Fentanyl can cause confusion, disorientation, and dizziness in some people.
5. Nausea and vomiting Fentanyl can cause nausea and vomiting, which may be severe in some cases.
6. Pale skin and clammy skin Fentanyl can cause the skin to become pale and clammy.
7. Seizures In rare cases, a fentanyl overdose can cause seizures.

What should you do if you suspect someone has overdosed on fentanyl?

If you suspect someone has overdosed on fentanyl, it is important to take immediate action to prevent further harm.

1. Call 911 Call 911 or your local emergency number immediately. Tell the operator that the person has overdosed on fentanyl and provide as much information as possible about their condition.
2. Administer naloxone Naloxone is a medication that can reverse the effects of an opioid overdose, including fentanyl. If you have access to naloxone, administer it as soon as possible. Follow the instructions on the packaging carefully, as the method of administration may vary depending on the type of naloxone.
3. Perform rescue breathing If the person has stopped breathing or is breathing very slowly, perform rescue breathing. Tilt their head back, lift their chin, and pinch their nose closed. Give two breaths, watching for their chest to rise and fall.
4. Stay with the person Stay with the person until emergency responders arrive. Monitor their breathing and pulse and be prepared to administer additional naloxone or perform rescue breathing if necessary.

What is the treatment for a fentanyl overdose?

The treatment for a fentanyl overdose may vary depending on the severity of the overdose and the individual’s overall health. In general, treatment may include:

1. Supportive care Supportive care may include monitoring vital signs, providing oxygen, and ensuring the person’s airway is open.
2. Naloxone administration Naloxone is a medication that can quickly reverse the effects of an opioid overdose, including fentanyl. It works by blocking the opioid receptors in the brain, which can restore breathing and prevent further harm.
3. Intravenous fluids Intravenous fluids may be given to help prevent dehydration.